Identification of secondary aerosol precursors emitted by an aircraft turbofan

Autor: D. Kılıç, I. El Haddad, B. T. Brem, E. Bruns, C. Bozetti, J. Corbin, L. Durdina, R.-J. Huang, J. Jiang, F. Klein, A. Lavi, S. M. Pieber, T. Rindlisbacher, Y. Rudich, J. G. Slowik, J. Wang, U. Baltensperger, A. S. H. Prévôt
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 18, Pp 7379-7391 (2018)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1680-7316
1680-7324
DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-7379-2018
Popis: Oxidative processing of aircraft turbine-engine exhausts was studied using a potential aerosol mass (PAM) chamber at different engine loads corresponding to typical flight operations. Measurements were conducted at an engine test cell. Organic gases (OGs) and particle emissions pre- and post-PAM were measured. A suite of instruments, including a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) for OGs, a multigas analyzer for CO, CO2, NOx, and an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) for nonrefractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) were used. Total aerosol mass was dominated by secondary aerosol formation, which was approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher than the primary aerosol. The chemical composition of both gaseous and particle emissions were also monitored at different engine loads and were thrust-dependent. At idling load (thrust 2.5–7 %), more than 90 % of the secondary particle mass was organic and could mostly be explained by the oxidation of gaseous aromatic species, e.g., benzene; toluene; xylenes; tri-, tetra-, and pentamethyl-benzene; and naphthalene. The oxygenated-aromatics, e.g., phenol, furans, were also included in this aromatic fraction and their oxidation could alone explain up to 25 % of the secondary organic particle mass at idling loads. The organic fraction decreased with thrust level, while the inorganic fraction increased. At an approximated cruise load sulfates comprised 85 % of the total secondary particle mass.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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