Autor: |
Ilya E. Nifant’ev, Pavel D. Komarov, Oksana D. Kostomarova, Nikolay A. Kolosov, Pavel V. Ivchenko |
Jazyk: |
angličtina |
Rok vydání: |
2023 |
Předmět: |
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Zdroj: |
Polymers, Vol 15, Iss 14, p 3095 (2023) |
Druh dokumentu: |
article |
ISSN: |
2073-4360 |
DOI: |
10.3390/polym15143095 |
Popis: |
Modern industry of advanced polyolefins extensively uses Group 4 metallocene and post-metallocene catalysts. High-throughput polyolefin technologies demand the use of heterogeneous catalysts with a given particle size and morphology, high thermal stability, and controlled productivity. Conventional Group 4 metal single-site heterogeneous catalysts require the use of high-cost methylalumoxane (MAO) or perfluoroaryl borate activators. However, a number of inorganic phases, containing highly acidic Lewis and Brønsted sites, are able to activate Group 4 metal pre-catalysts using low-cost and affordable alkylaluminums. In the present review, we gathered comprehensive information on MAO- and borate-free activating supports of different types and discussed the surface nature and chemistry of these phases, examples of their use in the polymerization of ethylene and α-olefins, and prospects of the further development for applications in the polyolefin industry. |
Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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