Nonpathogenic leaf‐colonizing bacteria elicit pathogen‐like responses in a colonization density‐dependent manner

Autor: Moritz Miebach, Léa Faivre, Daniel Schubert, Paula Jameson, Mitja Remus‐Emsermann
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Plant-Environment Interactions, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2575-6265
DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10137
Popis: Abstract Leaves are colonized by a complex mix of microbes, termed the leaf microbiota. Even though the leaf microbiota is increasingly recognized as an integral part of plant life and health, our understanding of its interactions with the plant host is still limited. Here, mature, axenically grown Arabidopsis thaliana plants were spray inoculated with six diverse leaf‐colonizing bacteria. The transcriptomic changes in leaves were tracked over time and significant changes in ethylene marker (ARL2) expression were observed only 2–4 days after spray inoculation. Whole‐transcriptome sequencing revealed that 4 days after inoculation, leaf transcriptional changes to colonization by nonpathogenic and pathogenic bacteria differed in strength but not in the type of response. Inoculation of plants with different densities of the nonpathogenic bacterium Williamsia sp. Leaf354 showed that high bacterial titers resulted in disease phenotypes and led to severe transcriptional reprogramming with a strong focus on plant defense. An in silico epigenetic analysis of the data was congruent with the transcriptomic analysis. These findings suggest (1) that plant responses are not rapid after spray inoculation, (2) that plant responses only differ in strength, and (3) that plants respond to high titers of nonpathogenic bacteria with pathogen‐like responses.
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