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Cynthia Matossian,1 Xue Song,2 Ishveen Chopra,2 Amy Sainski-Nguyen,2 Abayomi Ogundele3 1Matossian Eye Associates, Doylestown, PA, USA; 2Outcomes Research, IBM Watson Health, Cambridge, MA, USA; 3Medical Affairs, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USACorrespondence: Abayomi Ogundele Email Abayomi.Ogundele@sunpharma.comIntroduction: Dry eye disease (DED) prevalence is estimated at 9.3% of the US adult population, although diagnosed rate is much lower. This study examined real-world incidence rates (IR) and prevalence rates (PR) of DED in adults using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or nasal mask therapy (NMT) devices to treat sleep apnea.Methods: Using IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental claims databases, this study identified adults with ≥ 1 claim of CPAP or other NMT device between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2018, ≥ 1 diagnosis of sleep apnea during a 12-month pre-index period, and continuous benefit enrollment ≥ 12 pre- and post-index date. The date of the first CPAP or NMT device claim was considered the index date. Descriptive analyses included PR, IR, and IR per 100-person years (100PY) for the overall population and subgroups including age, sex, and baseline comorbidities.Results: The 1-, 2-, and 3-year PR of DED was 6.2%, 10.0%, and 13.0%, while the IR of DED was 4.0%, 7.3%, and 10.3%, respectively. Females had a higher IR of DED compared to males: 5.8%, 10.8%, and 15.1% vs 3.0%, 5.4%, and 7.9%, respectively. DED increased with age with a 1-, 2-, and 3-year PR for patients aged 18– 24 years of 2.2%, 3.4%, and 5.0% vs 17.6%, 25.8%, and 32.1% in patients aged ≥ 75, respectively. Overall, IR per 100PY of DED was 3.68, higher for females than males (5.51 vs 2.73). PR and IR of DED were high among patients with comorbid inflammatory or metabolic conditions.Conclusion: The PR and IR of DED in CPAP or NMT users were higher than the reported prevalence of DED in the general population. CPAP/NMT users who were female, older, or had comorbid inflammatory or metabolic conditions may experience a higher incidence and prevalence of DED.Keywords: dry eye disease, obstructive sleep apnea, prevalence rate, incidence rate, CPAP, nasal mask therapy device |
