In Vitro Effect of Different Airflow Rates on the Aerosol Properties of Nebulized Glycopyrrolate in the eFlow® Closed System and Tiotropium Delivered in the HandiHaler®

Autor: Jill A. Ohar, Andrea Bauer, Sanjay Sharma, Shahin Sanjar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pulmonary Therapy, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 289-301 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2364-1754
2364-1746
DOI: 10.1007/s41030-020-00125-6
Popis: Abstract Introduction Personalized therapy for patients with COPD requires appropriate choice of drug and delivery device. Inhalers and nebulizers vary in their drug delivery characteristics, particularly the need for passive or active patient inhalation for appropriate drug dispersal and delivery. In this in vitro analysis, we assessed the aerosol performance and drug delivery of two long-acting muscarinic antagonists, glycopyrrolate (GLY; 25 µg solution; 1 ml) and tiotropium (TIO; 18 µg powder) through their respective delivery systems: the eFlow® Closed System (CS) vibrating membrane nebulizer and the HandiHaler® dry-powder inhaler (DPI). Methods The aerosol performances of the eFlow® CS nebulizer and the HandiHaler® were determined using the Next Generation cascade Impactor. The delivered dose of GLY and TIO was determined using different breathing patterns, which varied in tidal volume and peak inspiratory flow rate, respectively, to simulate breathing conditions ranging from normal to severe obstruction. Results Aerodynamic particle analysis showed generally similar mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD, range, 3.6–4.6 µm) and fine particle fraction (FPF, range, 48.2%–63.7%) with GLY delivered using the eFlow® CS nebulizer under all breathing patterns tested. TIO, delivered via the HandiHaler®, showed variations in MMAD (range, 3.8–5.8 µm) and FPF (range, 16.1%–32.4%) under different inspiratory flow rates. The majority of GLY was deposited in stages 2–5 of the impactor, which corresponds with particle sizes in the respirable range (
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