Effectiveness of Intravenous Isoniazid and Ethambutol Administration in Patients with Tuberculosis Meningoencephalitis and HIV Infection

Autor: Dmytro Butov, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D., Yurii Feshchenko, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D., Mykhailo Kuzhko, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D.,, Kateryna Yurko, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D., Alina Grygorova, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D., Anton Tkachenko, M.D., Ph.D., Natalia Nekrasova, M.D., Ph.D., Tetiana Tlustova, M.D., Ph.D., Vasyl Kikinchuk, Ph.D., Alexandr Peshenko, M.D., Ph.D., Tetiana Butova, M.D., Ph.D.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, Vol 83, Iss 1, Pp 96-103 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1738-3536
2005-6184
DOI: 10.4046/trd.2019.0021&code=0003TRD&vmode=FULL
Popis: Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intravenous isoniazid (H) and ethambutol (E) administered in patients with new sputum positive drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with tuberculous meningoencephalitis (TM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in the intensive phase of treatment. Methods Fifty-four patients with TB/TM and HIV co-infection were enrolled for this study. Group 1 comprised of 23 patients treated with E and H intravenously, while rifampicin and pyrazinamide were prescribed orally. Group 2 consisted of 31 patients treated with the first-line anti-TB drugs orally. The concentrations of H and E in blood serum were detected using a chromatographic method. Results A significant improvement in the clinical symptoms and X-ray signs in patients treated intravenously with H and E was observed and compared to group 2. The sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis positivity was observed during the second month of the treatment in 25.0% of patients from group 1 and 76.1% of the patients from the control group (p=0.003). In addition, nine patients (39.1%) died up to 6 months when H and E were prescribed intravenously compared with 22 (70.9%) in group 2 (p=0.023). Conclusion In TB/TM with HIV, the intravenous H and E treatment was more effective than oral H and E treatment at 2 months of intensive treatment in sputum conversion as well as in clinical improvement, accompanied by significantly higher mean serum concentrations. In addition, the mortality rate was lower in intravenous H and E treatment compared to oral treatment.
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