| Autor: |
Robert Robergs, Bridgette O'Malley, Sam Torrens, Jason Siegler |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2023 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Sports Medicine and Health Science, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 336-343 (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2666-3376 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.smhs.2023.10.008 |
| Popis: |
The purpose of this review and commentary was to provide an historical and evidence-based account of organic acids and the biochemical and organic chemistry evidence for why cells do not produce metabolites that are acids. The scientific study of acids has a long history dating to the 16th and 17th centuries, and the definition of an acid was proposed in 1884 as a molecule that when in an aqueous solution releases a hydrogen ion (H+). There are three common ionizable functional groups for molecules classified as acids: 1) the carboxyl group, 2) the phosphoryl group and 3) the amine group. The propensity by which a cation will associate or dissociate with a negatively charged atom is quantified by the equilibrium constant (Keq) of the dissociation constant (Kd) of the ionization (Keq = Kd), which for lactic acid (HLa) vs. lactate (La-) is expressed as: Keq=Kd=[H+][La−][HLa]= 4 677.351 4 (ionic strength = 0.01 Mol⋅L-1, T = 25 °C). The negative log10 of the dissociation pKd reveals the pH at which half of the molecules are ionized, which for HLa = 3.67. Thus, knowing the pKd and the pH of the solution at question will reveal the extent of the ionization vs. acidification of molecules that are classified as acids. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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