Machine learning-guided co-optimization of fitness and diversity facilitates combinatorial library design in enzyme engineering

Autor: Kerr Ding, Michael Chin, Yunlong Zhao, Wei Huang, Binh Khanh Mai, Huanan Wang, Peng Liu, Yang Yang, Yunan Luo
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2041-1723
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50698-y
Popis: Abstract The effective design of combinatorial libraries to balance fitness and diversity facilitates the engineering of useful enzyme functions, particularly those that are poorly characterized or unknown in biology. We introduce MODIFY, a machine learning (ML) algorithm that learns from natural protein sequences to infer evolutionarily plausible mutations and predict enzyme fitness. MODIFY co-optimizes predicted fitness and sequence diversity of starting libraries, prioritizing high-fitness variants while ensuring broad sequence coverage. In silico evaluation shows that MODIFY outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised methods in zero-shot fitness prediction and enables ML-guided directed evolution with enhanced efficiency. Using MODIFY, we engineer generalist biocatalysts derived from a thermostable cytochrome c to achieve enantioselective C-B and C-Si bond formation via a new-to-nature carbene transfer mechanism, leading to biocatalysts six mutations away from previously developed enzymes while exhibiting superior or comparable activities. These results demonstrate MODIFY’s potential in solving challenging enzyme engineering problems beyond the reach of classic directed evolution.
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