Design of Howland current sources using differential evolution optimization

Autor: Morcelles Kaue Felipe, Negri Lucas Hermann, Bertemes-Filho Pedro
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 96-100 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1891-5469
DOI: 10.2478/joeb-2020-0014
Popis: Howland circuits have been widely used in Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy applications as reliable current sources. This paper presents an algorithm based on Differential Evolution for the automated design of Enhanced Howland Sources according to arbitrary design constraints while respecting the Howland ratio condition. Results showed that the algorithm can obtain solutions to commonly sought objectives, such as maximizing the output impedance at a given frequency, making it a versatile method to be employed in the design of sources with specific requirements. The mathematical modeling of the source output impedance and transconductance, considering a non-ideal operational amplifier, was validated against SPICE simulations, with results matching up to 10 MHz.
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