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Rishabha Malviya,1,* Shakshi Raj,1,* Shivkanya Fuloria,2,* Vetriselvan Subramaniyan,3,* Kathiresan Sathasivam,4 Usha Kumari,5 Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi,6 Omji Porwal,7 Darnal Hari Kumar,8 Amit Singh,1 Srikumar Chakravarthi,9 Neeraj Kumar Fuloria2,* 1Department of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India; 2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, 42610, Malaysia; 4Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia; 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia; 6Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, 130, Oman; 7Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, 44001, KRG, Iraq; 8Department of Pathology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Johor Bahru, 80200, Malaysia; 9Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, 42610, Malaysia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Neeraj Kumar FuloriaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, MalaysiaTel +60 164037685Email neerajkumar@aimst.edu.myShivkanya FuloriaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, MalaysiaTel +60 143034057Email shivkanya_fuloria@aimst.edu.myPurpose: The present study was intended to fabricate chitosan (Ch)-tamarind gum polysaccharide (TGP) polyelectrolyte complex stabilized cubic nanoparticles of simvastatin and evaluate their potential against human breast cancer cell lines.Materials and Methods: The antisolvent precipitation method was used for formulation of nanoparticles. Factorial design (32) was utilized as a tool to analyze the effect of Ch and TGP concentration on particle size and entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles.Results: Formulated nanoparticles showed high entrapment efficiency (67.19± 0.42– 83.36± 0.23%) and small size (53.3– 383.1 nm). The present investigation involved utilization of two biological membranes (egg and tomato) as biological barriers for drug release. The study revealed that drug release from tomato membranes was retarded (as compared to egg membranes) but the release pattern matched that of egg membranes. All formulations followed the Baker–Lansdale model of drug release irrespective of the two different biological barriers. Stability studies were carried out for 45 days and exhibited less variation in particle size as well as a reduction in entrapment efficiency. Simvastatin loaded PEC stabilized nanoparticles exhibited better control on growth of human breast cancer cell lines than simple simvastatin. An unusual anticancer effect of simvastatin nanoparticles is also supported by several other research studies.Conclusion: The present study involves first-time synthesis of Ch-TGP polyelectrolyte complex stabilized nanoparticles of simvastatin against MCF-7 cells. It recommends that, in future, theoretical modeling and IVIVC should be carried out for perfect designing of delivery systems.Keywords: polysaccharide, polyelectrolyte, cubic nanoparticles, simvastatin, breast cancer, tamarind |
