Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014

Autor: Daniel Amoako-Sakyi, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Anthony Ofosu, Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi, Kingsley Osei, Richard Adade, Ebenezer Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Reginald Quansah, John Arko-Mensah, Brodrick Yeboah Amoah, Godwin Kwakye-Nuako, Eric Yaw Frimpong, Mariama Combasseré-Cherif, Hidaya Mohammed, Boubacar Maiga, Julius Fobil, Isabella Quakyi, Ben A. Gyan
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
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Zdroj: BMC Public Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14307-1
Popis: Abstract Background Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) persist globally with a disproportionately high burden in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Although this might be partly due to the failure to sustain vaccination coverage above 90% in some WHO regions, a more nuanced understanding of VPD transmission beyond vaccination coverage may unveil other important factors in VPD transmission and control. This study identified VPDs hotspots and explored their relationships with ecology, urbanicity and land-use variations (Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) activities) in Ghana. Methods District-level disease count data from 2010 to 2014 from the Ghana Health Service (GHS) and population data from the Ghana Population and Housing Census (PHC) were used to determine clustering patterns of six VPDs (Measles, Meningitis, Mumps, Otitis media, Pneumonia and Tetanus). Spatial and space-time cluster analyses were implemented in SaTScan using the discrete Poisson model. P-values were estimated using a combination of sequential Monte Carlo, standard Monte Carlo, and Gumbel approximations. Results The study found a preponderance for VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and northernmost ecological zones (Sudan Savannah and Guinea Savannah). Incidence of meningitis was higher in the Sudan Savannah ecological zone relative to: Tropical Rain Forest (p = 0.001); Semi Deciduous Forest (p
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