Peri‐Xanthenoxanthene‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for High‐Performance Aqueous Zn‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Autor: Cataldo Valentini, Verónica Montes‐García, Luca Cusin, Dawid Pakulski, Mateusz Wlazło, Paolo Samorì, Artur Ciesielski
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Small Science, Vol 4, Iss 7, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2688-4046
DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202400031
Popis: Aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (Zn‐HSCs) are promising devices for sustainable and efficient energy storage. However, they suffer from a limited energy density compared to lithium‐ion batteries. This limitation can be overcome by developing novel electrode materials, with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) standing out as a particularly intriguing option. Herein, peri‐xanthenoxanthene (PXX) has been integrated for the first time into a COF scaffold to take advantage of its straightforward synthesis, chemical stability, π‐conjugated backbone, and heteroatom content endowing reversible redox reactions at low potentials. Two novel hexagonal COFs have been designed and synthesized by tethering of a PXX‐diamine unit having a C2 symmetry with two distinct tris‐aldehydes acting as C3‐symmetric cornerstones, i.e., triformyl benzene (TFB) and triformylphloroglucinol (Tp), ultimately yielding COF PXX(PhNH2)2‐TFB and COF PXX(PhNH2)2‐Tp, respectively. As cathodes in Zn‐HSCs, COF PXX(PhNH2)2‐Tp exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance, energy, and power densities (237 F g−1, 106.6 Wh kg−1, and 3.0 kW kg−1, respectively), surpassing those of COF PXX(PhNH2)2‐TFB (109 F g−1, 49.1 Wh kg−1, and 0.67 kW kg−1). Importantly, both COFs display outstanding long‐term stability, over 5000 charge/discharge cycles, with capacitance retention >92%. These findings underscore the potential of PXX‐based COFs as high‐performance cathode materials for HSCs, thereby offering a promising new avenue for energy storage technologies.
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