| Popis: |
Agriculture in urban areas is a solution to problems such as food security, unemployment, environment issues, green spaces creation and so on. In spite of its major importance in developing countries, agriculture in urban areas is victim to a lack of recognition and to an important economical weight leading this business line to precariousness and informal. Shrugged off by the Burkinabe authorities for a long time, they currently show a will to recognize it by inserting this activity in the new face of the urban landscape “Grand Ouaga” established by the city planning 2025 of this urban zone. This study is about to modeling the phenomenon in order to prospect by geomatic means the capacity of the urban soil to receive agriculture and to plan it on a permanent basis for its consideration in Ouagadougou’s municipality land development plan (SCOT). One of the main aspects of the Geographic Information System is their capacity to contribute to the decision making. Among the GIS function for a spatial and temporal modeling and decision helping, the multicriterion evaluation is particularly useful regarding the localization of high potential areas for a use. This method is based on the hypothesis that it exist, for a given date, a series of criterion spatialized able to explain the variability of land use, in other words the aptitude for a use. Some criterion, identified for the use of the agricultural activity and a spatialized database was established as information reference to multicriterion construction of map indicating the high potential areas for cultivation.The aptitude or probability map obtained indicates that the existing agricultural land meet along the restricted space of plans of permanent water surface or downtown characterized by a strong land speculation. There, we can notice that potential areas should be used for cultivation because the adjustment of the risks among factors (criteria) confers them a good truck-farming or horticultural capacity. Besides, it appears that spaces, particularly those located on the green belt to be rehabilitated, although they are unfavourable to the agricultural activity, could shelter in a prosperous way pluvial cultivation. The results of the interpretation allowed us to be set on the limits of our contributions and results, the implemented methodology and its application on others sites with similar context and problems. |
