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Kathrine J Vinknes,1 Eha Nurk,1,2 Grethe S Tell,3 Gerhard Sulo,3 Helga Refsum,1,4 Amany K Elshorbagy4,5 1Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 2Department of Surveillance and Evaluation, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia; 3Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 4Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Objective: We compared Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) and body mass index (BMI) as correlates of body fat percent (BF%) and the association with future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian population. Methods: We used data from 6796 individuals (born 1925–27 and 1950–52) from the Hordaland Health Study, a prospective cohort study in Norway. The study was conducted in 1992–1993 and 1997–1999. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted with data from 1997/99, including BF% measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Longitudinal analyses included BMI and CUN-BAE calculated in 1992/93, and self-reported information on CVD events and diabetes in 1997/99. Results: The correlation between CUN-BAE and BF% (r=0.88) was stronger than between BMI and BF% (r=0.56). In sex-stratified analyses, CUN-BAE and BMI correlated similarly with BF% in men (r=0.77 and r=0.76, respectively) and women (r=0.82 and r=0.81, respectively). In longitudinal analyses, the odds ratio (per 1 SD increase) of CVD and type 2 diabetes was higher for BMI (ORCVD =1.23 [95% CI: 1.11–1.36]; ORdiabetes =2.11 [1.82–2.45]) than for CUN-BAE (ORCVD =1.15 [1.04–1.27]; ORdiabetes =2.06 [1.72–2.47]) in the total population. In sex-stratified analyses, CUN-BAE showed higher CVD and diabetes risk than BMI: in men BMI ORCVD =1.22 (1.04–1.44), ORdiabetes =2.13 (1.64–2.83); CUN-BAE ORCVD =1.93 (1.54–2.43), ORdiabetes =4.33 (2.80–6.71); and in women BMI ORCVD =1.22 (1.07–1.39), ORdiabetes =2.11 (1.76–2.53); CUN-BAE ORCVD =2.06 (1.69–2.51), ORdiabetes =5.45 (3.87–7.67). Conclusion: CUN-BAE is more strongly associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes and CVD compared with BMI in analysis stratified by sex. As a measure of adiposity in men and women separately, CUN-BAE has no advantage over BMI, except when the value of estimated BF% itself is of interest. Keywords: anthropometry, body composition, body fat, body mass index, cardiovascular disease risk, diabetes risk |
