In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of New-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model

Autor: Naoki Edanami, Shoji Takenaka, Razi Saifullah Ibn Belal, Kunihiko Yoshiba, Shintaro Takahara, Nagako Yoshiba, Naoto Ohkura, Yuichiro Noiri
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 213 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2079-4983
DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040213
Popis: Hydroxyapatite formation on endodontic hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) plays a significant role in sealing the root canal system and elevating the hard-tissue inductivity of the materials. This study evaluated the in vivo apatite-forming ability of 13 new-generation HCSCs using an original HCSC (white ProRoot MTA: PR) as a positive control. The HCSCs were loaded into polytetrafluoroethylene tubes and implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of 4-week-old male Wistar rats. At 28 days after implantation, hydroxyapatite formation on the HCSC implants was assessed with micro-Raman spectroscopy, surface ultrastructural and elemental characterization, and elemental mapping of the material–tissue interface. Seven new-generation HCSCs and PR had a Raman band for hydroxyapatite (v1 PO43− band at 960 cm−1) and hydroxyapatite-like calcium-phosphorus-rich spherical precipitates on the surfaces. The other six HCSCs with neither the hydroxyapatite Raman band nor hydroxyapatite-like spherical precipitates did not show calcium-phosphorus-rich hydroxyapatite-layer-like regions in the elemental mapping. These results indicated that 6 of the 13 new-generation HCSCs possessed little or no ability to produce hydroxyapatite in vivo, unlike PR. The weak in vivo apatite-forming ability of the six HCSCs may have a negative impact on their clinical performance.
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