| Popis: |
Fish pond rice planting is an agricultural production activity that uses aquaculture ponds to grow rice. The development of fish pond rice planting technology can keep the aquaculture area, expand the rice planting area, improve food security, and reduce pollution from aquaculture tail water. In the early season of 2022, we conducted a fish pond rice planting experiment in Guangzhou and achieved initial success. The tested rice varieties were Yuetai Youzhan, Huangguang Youzhan, Meixiangzhan No. 2, Taifengyou 208, Guanghong No. 3, Yuexiang 430, Yuenong Simiao, Wushan Simiao, and Nanjing Xiangzhan. The aquaculture varieties were largemouth black bass, Australian freshwater lobster, crucian carp and yellow catfish. The results showed that there was significant difference in grain yield among tested rice varieties under fish pond cultivation and the difference was much greater than that under field cultivation. The yield of Yuexiang 430 was the highest, reaching 390.8 kg/667m2, which was 148.6% higher than that of Taifengyou 208. The four aquaculture varieties all performed well, with high survival rate and fast growth speed, among which the Australian freshwater lobster performed the best. At present, there are still some critical problems such as high cost, lack of technical standards and lagging behind in basic research in fish pond rice planting. Coordinated efforts should be made to enhance low-cost floating bed development, improve rice and fishery matching, screen out more rice varieties, optimize fertilizer management and pest control, manufacture or adapt supporting machinery and equipment, and strengthen relevant theoretical researches. Finally, the green, high-yield and high-efficiency fish pond rice planting procedures and standards should be established through technical integration. With the deepening of research and the maturing of technologies, the fish pond rice planting technology will make increasing contributions to food security, farmers' income increase, environmental protection and beautiful countryside construction in China, especially in the southern regions. |
