Prodromal Alzheimer's disease can affect activities of daily living for adults with Down syndrome

Autor: Tracy A. Listwan, Sharon J. Krinsky‐McHale, Cynthia M. Kovacs, Joseph H. Lee, Deborah I. Pang, Nicole Schupf, Benjamin Tycko, Warren B. Zigman, Wayne Silverman
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2352-8729
DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12562
Popis: Abstract INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) affecting adults with Down syndrome (DS‐AD), like late‐onset AD (LOAD) in the neurotypical population, has preclinical, prodromal, and more advanced stages. Only tasks placing high demands on cognition are expected to be affected during the prodromal stage, with activities of daily living (ADLs) typically being spared. However, cognitive demands of ADLs could be high for adults with DS and may be affected during prodromal DS‐AD. METHODS Cognitively stable cases that subsequently developed prodromal DS‐AD were identified within a set of archived data from a previous longitudinal study. Measures of ADLs and multiple cognitive domains were examined over time. RESULTS Clear declines in ADLs accompanied cognitive declines with prodromal DS‐AD while stability in all measures was verified during preclinical DS‐AD. DISCUSSION Operationally defining prodromal DS‐AD is essential to disease staging in this high‐risk population and for informing treatment options and timing as new disease‐modifying drugs become available. Highlights Cognitive and functional stability were demonstrated prior to the onset of prodromal DS‐AD. ADL declines accompanied cognitive declines as adults with DS transitioned to prodromal AD. Declines in ADLs should be a defining feature of prodromal AD for adults with DS. Better characterization of prodromal DS‐AD can improve AD diagnosis and disease staging. Improvements in DS‐AD diagnosis and staging could also inform the timing of interventions.
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