| Popis: |
Reducing irrigation erosion is one of the major challenges in the world today. Particular attention is paid to the development and maintenance of soil fertility and the development of irrigation water-saving technologies. Soil erosion due to over-irrigation of arable land on farms leads to increased fertilizer consumption and decreased productivity. The washing of the fertile layer of soil not only affects the yield of crops but also affects the mechanical composition of the soil. Erosion destroys the natural topsoil, and a reduction in organic matter accompanies this. When erosion occurs, soil particles are lost, and organisms, mineral fertilizers, and nutrients are lost along with them. Currently, the average soil washing before irrigation in such an area is 51 t/ha per year, of which nutrients are: humus 590 kg/ha, nitrogen, and phosphorus -50 and 82 kg/ha, potassium 140 kg/ha, and small elements 33 kg/ha. e. Of these, 600 thousand are currently strongly washed soils - 39 thousand, average washed - 215 thousand, and weakly washed soils - 346 thousand. As a result of soil washing and lowering the quality of wetting of sloping lands, the gross yield of 28-47 % decreases in crop areas. Resolutions decree of the President-4919 of December 11, 2020, “On measures to further accelerate the introduction of water-saving technologies in agriculture”, as well as Resolution No. PF-6024 of July 10, 2020, of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan The program of decrees “Concept for 2030” is being implemented. With economic irrigation technology using K-9 polymer in furrow irrigation, the water use coefficient in irrigation changed from 0.78 to 0.87 in furrows, from 0.7 to 0.76 under control. The water economy during the irrigation season is 400-878 m3/ha. Fuel economy in plowing was 3-4 liters per hectare. The number of swimmers has halved. K-9 polymer using furrow irrigation increased yields from 28.4 to 68.4 and 70 quintals per hectare. |
