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Abstract Background Cineole has documented anti-inflammatory, expectorant, and mucolytic properties and has shown to be a valuable treatment option in different airway diseases. Our study examined whether a therapy with Cineole as add on to an antiviral therapy can relieve symptoms of acute bronchitis, and accelerate recovery in everyday practice. Methods In an open-label, randomized, parallel-group phase III clinical trial, 132 patients diagnosed with “acute bronchitis” or “acute tracheobronchitis” were included and treated with 3 × 200 mg of Cineole on top of antiviral treatment, or antiviral treatment alone (Ingavirin® 90 mg), per day for 4–9 days. The primary outcome measure was the change in cough frequency assessed in a Cough Frequency Assessment Scale, secondary outcomes were the total Bronchitis Severity Scale (BSS), as well as individual symptoms of the BSS score. Adverse events were collected for safety analysis. The study sites were located in Russia. Results After 4 days of therapy, there was a significant difference between the groups in favour of the patients treated with Cineole which persisted until the end of the study. At that time, cough during the day, assessed by the Cough Frequency Assessment Scale, was absent in 14 patients in the Cineole group (21.5%), compared to 4 (6.2%) patients in the control arm (p = 0.0203), which was replicated using the BSS individual cough score. In addition, significant improvements in the individual symptoms of the BSS in patients taking Cineole were documented. The study drug showed good tolerability without differences to antiviral treatment and results were in line with previous experiences with this drug. Conclusions Assessment after 4 days of treatment with additional Cineole showed a significant reduction of cough frequency and other symptoms of acute bronchitis compared to antiviral treatment alone. In addition, patients recovered faster from the disease. Additional treatment with Cineole is a valuable treatment option in acute bronchitis. Trial registration Ministry of Health, Russia, No. 592 . Registered 19 October 2015. |
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