Changes and stability of hand nicotine levels in children of smokers: Associations with urinary biomarkers, reported child tobacco smoke exposure, and home smoking bans

Autor: Georg E. Matt, Ashley L. Merianos, Lara Stone, Chase Wullenweber, Penelope J.E. Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Nathan G. Dodder, Nicolas Lopez Galvez, E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Environment International, Vol 181, Iss , Pp 108239- (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 0160-4120
94391378
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108239
Popis: Background: Exposure to thirdhand smoke (THS) residue takes place through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal transfer. Hand nicotine levels have been proposed to measure THS pollution in the environment of children, but little is known about its variability and stability over time and correlates of change. Objectives: The goal was to determine the stability of hand nicotine in comparison to urinary biomarkers and to explore factors that influence changes in hand nicotine. Methods: Data were collected from 0 to 11-year-old children (Mean age = 5.9) who lived with ≥1 tobacco smokers (N = 129). At a 6-week interval, we collected repeated measures of hand nicotine, four urinary biomarkers (cotinine, trans-3′-hydroxycotinine, nicotelline N-oxides, and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol), and parent-reported child tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). Dependent sample t-tests, correlations, and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine the changes in child TSE. Results: Hand nicotine levels (r = 0.63, p
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