An Observational Study of GPS-Derived Integrated Water Vapor over India
| Autor: | Kaushik Gopalan, Bipasha Paul Shukla, Som Sharma, Prashant Kumar, Abhineet Shyam, Amita Gaur, Surendra Sunda |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 10, p 1303 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 12101303 2073-4433 20743475 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/atmos12101303 |
| Popis: | This study describes the process of deriving integrated water vapor (IWV) from (a) a set of 18 GPS receivers that were installed at different airports across India and (b) a pair of GPS receivers located in Ahmedabad situated around 8 km apart. The Zenith Tropospheric Delay was estimated from the GPS observations using the GAMIT software. Further, IWV was estimated from the ZTD values using surface temperature and pressure from ERA-I reanalysis as additional inputs. The IWV estimates for 1 year—March 2013 to February 2014—were compared with ECMWF Reanalysis Interim (ERA-I) reanalysis as well as radiosonde soundings. The Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was ≈6 mm or better for most stations. The IWV estimates for July 2013 were assimilated into the WRF model and had a positive impact on model analysis of IWV. The forecasted rain improved by up to 3–4 mm/day in some regions as a result of GPS-derived IWV estimates. For the Ahmedabad receivers, the GPS-derived IWV was compared with IWV from ERA-I reanalysis and was found to have a RMSE of ≈7.7 mm which is |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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