Nanoparticle-based T cell immunoimaging and immunomodulatory for diagnosing and treating transplant rejection

Autor: Mengdan Ding, Tang Gao, Yishu Song, Luyang Yi, Wenqu Li, Cheng Deng, Wuqi Zhou, Mingxing Xie, Li Zhang
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp e24203- (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2405-8440
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24203
Popis: T cells serve a pivotal role in the rejection of transplants, both by directly attacking the graft and by recruiting other immune cells, which intensifies the rejection process. Therefore, monitoring T cells becomes crucial for early detection of transplant rejection, while targeted drug delivery specifically to T cells can significantly enhance the effectiveness of rejection therapy. However, regulating the activity of T cells within transplanted organs is challenging, and the prolonged use of immunosuppressive drugs is associated with notable side effects and complications. Functionalized nanoparticles offer a potential solution by targeting T cells within transplants or lymph nodes, thereby reducing the off-target effects and improving the long-term survival of the graft. In this review, we will provide an overview of recent advancements in T cell-targeted imaging molecular probes for diagnosing transplant rejection and the progress of T cell-regulating nanomedicines for treating transplant rejection. Additionally, we will discuss future directions and the challenges in clinical translation.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals