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Introduction: Natural products have been studied for an alternative leukemia treatment. The Moringa oleifera Lam. has been reported to mediate chemo-preventive effects by enhancing antioxidant status. However, cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Lam. extract has not been reported yet in leukemic cell lines. Objective: To study anti-leukemic properties of Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract in K562 cell line. Materials and methods: Cytotoxicity of crude Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract was determined by MTT assay. The WT1 protein level were examined by Western blot analysis. All data was analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA. Results: Crude ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves exhibited distinctly cytotoxic effect on K562 cells with IC50 of 220±22 μg/mL and non-cytotoxic dose (IC20) of 55±5 μg/mL. Result also showed that WT1 protein level after treated with crude ethanolic Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract, in various incubation time (24, 48, and 72 hours), were decreased by 21, 37, and 61% respectively. In addition, at 48 hours of incubation with various concentrations (45, 55, and 65 μg/mL) WT1 protein reduced by 32, 48, and 68% respectively. However, crude Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract at IC20 clearly showed that it did not affect cell morphology. Importantly, crude ethanolic Moringa oleifera leave extract did not affect PBMCs (576.9 μg/mL). Conclusion: Crude ethanolic Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract could inhibit cell proliferation and reduce WT1 protein level in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Therefore, it can be concluded that crude Moringa oleifera Lam. Leave extract involved in down-regulation of translational process of WT1 protein expression in K562 cells. These results indicated that Moringa oleifera Lam. leave extract could be a promising plant that should be further on studied as an alternative choice for leukemia treatment. Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci 2016; 49(1): 53-64. Doi: 10.14456/jams.2016.11 |
