Impact of drying methods on natural antioxidants, phenols and flavanones of immature dropped Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck fruits

Autor: Dinesh Kumar, M. S. Ladaniya, Manju Gurjar, Sunil Kumar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2045-2322
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10661-7
Popis: Abstract Citrus fruits are famous for nutritional value and studies are there for extraction of secondary metabolites from citrus waste. An attempt was made to quantify antioxidants, flavonoids and phenols from dropped fruits of 8–24 mm size, to find the impact of freeze and hot-air oven drying techniques on extraction. Flavonoids (hesperidin, narirutin/isonaringin, diosmin and didymin/neoponcirin) were quantified through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and total phenols (TPC) were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant capacity was adjudged by azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] (ABTS), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP). Freeze dried fruits of 10 mm and 12 mm retained maximum hesperidin content (22.383% and 21.560%) in comparison to hot-air oven counterparts (18.377% and 15.090%). Narirutin/isonaringin (1.343% and 1.191%), diosmin (5.293% and 3.234%) and didymin/neoponcirin (1.187% and 1.113%) content were found higher in 8 mm and 10 mm freeze dried fruits. The antioxidant capacity (7.548–11.643 mmol L−1 Trolox, 8.164–14.710 mmol L−1 Trolox, 4.008–5.863 mmol L−1 Trolox by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays) and TPC were found higher in freeze dried samples. Significant correlation was found between antioxidant capacity, TPC and flavonoids at p
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