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Ahmed Saleh,1,2 Mamdouh M Anwar,3,4 Ahmed E Zayed,5,6 Manal El Sayed Ezz Eldeen,7 Gamal Afifi,1,8 Hassien M Alnashiri,5 Asmaa MS Gomaa,4 Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem,6 Alaa Sayed Abou-Elhamd,6,9 Emad S Shaheen,10 Ghada A Mohamed,7 Helal F Hetta,11,12 Ahmed M Kotb61Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; 2Exploratory Center of Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; 4Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; 6Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; 7Endocrine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 8National Institute for Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; 9Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 10Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; 11Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 12Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USAIntroduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely distributed disease that affects large population worldwide. This study aimed to verify the role of Ginkgo biloba (GB) extract and magnetized water (MW) on the survival rate and functional capabilities of pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetic rats.Materials and methods: T2D was induced by feeding the rats on a high-fat diet (20% fat, 45% carbohydrate, 22% protein) for eight weeks followed by intra-peritoneal injection of a single low dose of streptozotocin (25mg/Kg). Forty rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10 rats) as follows: non treated control and three diabetic groups. One diabetic group served as a positive control (diabetic), while the other two groups were orally administered with water extract of GB leaves (0.11 g/kg/day) and MW (600 gauss) for four weeks, respectively.Results: The β-cell mass and insulin expression in these cells increased markedly after both treatments, particularly in GB treated group. In addition, the immune-expression of the two antioxidant enzymes; glutathione and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the pancreatic tissue demonstrated a down-regulation in GB and MW treated groups as compared with the diabetic group.Conclusion: A four-week treatment of GB and MW protected pancreatic β-cell cells and improved their insulin expression and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic rats.Keywords: type 2 diabetes, β-cell, Ginkgo biloba extract, magnetized water, glutathione, SOD2 |
