| Autor: |
Aleksandr Ometov, Yulia Bardinova, Alexandra Afanasyeva, Pavel Masek, Konstantin Zhidanov, Sergey Vanurin, Mikhail Sayfullin, Viktoriia Shubina, Mikhail Komarov, Sergey Bezzateev |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2020 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 103994-104015 (2020) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2169-3536 |
| DOI: |
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998951 |
| Popis: |
The blockchain technology is currently penetrating different areas of the modern Information and Communications Technology community. Most of the devices involved in blockchain-related processes are specially designed targeting only the mining aspect, i.e., solving the computational puzzle task. At the same time, the use of wearable and mobile devices may also become a part of eCommerce blockchain operation, especially during the on-charge time. The paper considers the possibility of using a large number of constrained devices to support the operation of the blockchain with a low impact on battery consumption. The utilization of such devices is expected to improve the system efficiency as well as to attract a more substantial number of users. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge with a survey of the main applications of blockchain for smartphones along with existing mobile blockchain projects. It also proposes a novel consensus protocol based on a combination of Proof-of-Work (PoW), Proof-of-Activity (PoA), and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) algorithms for efficient and on-the-fly utilization on resource-constrained devices. The system was deployed in a worldwide testnet with more than two thousand smartphones and compared with other projects from the user-experienced metrics perspective. The results prove that the utilization of PoA systems on a smartphone does not significantly affect the lifetime of the smartphone battery while existing methods based on PoW have a tremendous negative impact. Finally, the main open challenges and future investigation directions are outlined. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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