Did social isolation affect anxiety and sleep quality of elite soccer players during the COVID-19 lockdown? Comparisons to training before distancing in the pandemic and outlook for mental health

Autor: Whyllerton Mayron da Cruz, Danilo Reis Coimbra, Guilherme Torres Vilarino, Amândio Manuel Cupido dos Santos, Vernon Furtado da Silva, Stefania Mancone, Lavinia Falese, Pierluigi Diotaiuti, Alexandro Andrade
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 15 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1664-1078
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1490862
Popis: ObjectiveTo analyze the anxiety levels and sleep quality of elite soccer athletes in training pre-pandemic and during the lockdown caused by COVID-19.MethodThis is an exploratory study with a longitudinal design carried out with elite soccer athletes from two Brazilian soccer clubs. Data collection took place in person pre-pandemic (training) and online (during lockdown) between February and May 2020. The instruments used to assess sleep, daytime sleepiness, and anxiety were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale-(ESS-BR), and Competitive Anxiety Scale (SCAT). For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, maximum and minimum) and non-parametric inferential statistics were used, establishing a significance of p
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