Free Fatty Acids and Free Fatty Acid Receptors: Role in Regulating Arterial Function

Autor: Fengzhi Yu, Boyi Zong, Lili Ji, Peng Sun, Dandan Jia, Ru Wang
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 14, p 7853 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1422-0067
1661-6596
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147853
Popis: The metabolic network’s primary sources of free fatty acids (FFAs) are long- and medium-chain fatty acids of triglyceride origin and short-chain fatty acids produced by intestinal microorganisms through dietary fibre fermentation. Recent studies have demonstrated that FFAs not only serve as an energy source for the body’s metabolism but also participate in regulating arterial function. Excess FFAs have been shown to lead to endothelial dysfunction, vascular hypertrophy, and vessel wall stiffness, which are important triggers of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) are involved in the regulation of arterial functions, including the proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). They actively regulate hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. The objective of this review is to examine the roles and heterogeneity of FFAs and FFARs in the regulation of arterial function, with a view to identifying the points of intersection between their actions and providing new insights into the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with arterial dysfunction, as well as the development of targeted drugs.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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