| Autor: |
Deysi J. Venegas-García, Lee D. Wilson |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2022 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Surfaces, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 413-428 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2571-9637 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/surfaces5040030 |
| Popis: |
The removal of model hydrocarbon oil systems (4-nitrophenol (PNP) and naphthalene) from laboratory water was evaluated using a ferric sulfate and a lime-softening coagulant system. This study addresses the availability of a methodology that documents the removal of BTEX related compounds and optimizes the ferric-based coagulant system in alkaline media. The Box–Behnken design with Response Surface Methodology enabled the optimization of the conditions for the removal (%) of the model compounds for the coagulation process. Three independent variables were considered: coagulant dosage (10–100 mg/L PNP and 30–100 mg/L naphthalene), lime dosage (50–200%), and initial pollutant concentration (1–35 mg/L PNP and 1–25 mg/L naphthalene). The response optimization showed a 28% removal of PNP at optimal conditions: 74.5 mg/L ferric sulfate, 136% lime dosage, and initial PNP concentration of 2 mg/L. The optimal conditions for naphthalene removal were 42 mg/L ferric sulfate, 50% lime dosage, and an initial concentration of naphthalene (16.3 mg/L) to obtain a 90% removal efficiency. The coagulation process was modeled by adsorption isotherms (Langmuir for PNP; Freundlich for Naphthalene). The surface properties of flocs were investigated with pHpzc, solid-state UV absorbance spectra, and optical microscopy to gain insight into the role of adsorption in the ferric coagulation process. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
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