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Background. The technical characteristics and operability of the equipment depend on the quality of petroleum products. The analysis of the composition of petroleum products is carried out, as a rule, in laboratory conditions using optical diagnostic methods. Of the optical methods, the most widely used are refractometric methods for determining the composition of oil by refractive coefficients, which changes when the chemical composition changes. The main disadvantage of the known methods of analysis is the long measurement time associated with the need to take a sample from the pipeline. For the express analysis of the composition of substances, a refractometric method and a fiber-optic sensor (FOS) for its implementation have been patented. The object of the study is the processes of express analysis of the quality of oil and petroleum products. The subject of the research is scientific and technical solutions of refractometric fiber-optic sensors of the quality of petroleum products. The aim of the work is to develop a design and technological solution of a fiber-optic sensor of increased reliability for express analysis of the quality of oil and petroleum products not only in the laboratory, but in difficult operating conditions. Materias and methods. The authors propose to conduct an express analysis of the composition of petroleum products directly on the section of the pipeline through which the liquid flows, by analogy with pressure sensors that are installed directly on the pipe. To do this, it is proposed to attach a liquid FOS to the tube of the sampling device. The main approach to achieve this goal is the adaptation of well-known technical solutions of water by upgrading the micro-optical-mechanical system (MOMS). In order to increase the reliability of waters and systems based on them, it is proposed to exclude mechanical informative and uninformative bends of fiber-optic cable, which is possible in the way of using MOMS, in which opticl fibers are not deformed. Results. A constructive and technological solution has been developed to improve the quality of petroleum products of increased reliability on the basis of a developed two-channel fiber-optic converter with a cylindrical hollow tube with a liquid, the refractive index of which is determined by. Conclusions. The developed design and technological solution of the VOD, which performs instantaneous measurement of the refractive index of the liquid in the pipeline, will increase the reliability of the sampling system of oil pipelines, reduce unreasonable costs of the sampling process, increase the accuracy of measuring the quality indicators of liquid transparent to visible and IR rdiation of petroleum products. The developed water can be used for express monitoring not only in oil pipeline sampling systems, but also for diagnosing pollution of the water component of the environment, as well as for determining the type of liquid in almost all sectors of the national economy. |
