Photocatalytic Degradation of Naproxen: Intermediates and Total Reaction Mechanism

Autor: Daniela González-Pereyra, Ilse Acosta, Brenda Zermeño, Johana Aguilar, Elisa Leyva, Edgar Moctezuma
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Molecules, Vol 29, Iss 11, p 2583 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 29112583
1420-3049
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112583
Popis: Photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation of naproxen (NPX) with UV-A light and commercial TiO2 under constant flow of oxygen have been investigated. Adsorption experiments indicated that 90% of the solute remained in the solution. Combined chemical analysis of samples on the photochemical degradation indicated that NPX in an aqueous solution (20 ppm) is efficiently transformed into other species but only 18% of the reactant is mineralized into CO2 and water after three hours of reaction. Performing the photocatalytic oxidation in the presence of TiO2, more than 80% of the organic compounds are mineralized by reactive oxidation species (ROS) within four hours of reaction. Analysis of reaction mixtures by a combination of analytical techniques indicated that naproxen is transformed into several aromatic naphthalene derivatives. These latter compounds are eventually transformed into polyhydroxylated aromatic compounds that are strongly adsorbed onto the TiO2 surface and are quickly oxidized into low-molecular-weight acids by an electron transfer mechanism. Based on this and previous studies on NPX photocatalytic oxidation, a unified and complete degradation mechanism is presented.
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