| Popis: |
There are growing concerns about the contamination of metals, particularly cadmium (Cd), known for its high toxicity, infiltrating soils and posing serious threats to food security and agricultural productivity. Mycorrhizal fungi (MF) have the potential to reduce Cd uptake by plants, mitigating Cd-induced toxicity, and ultimately fostering the growth of Cd-stressed plants. However, some studies have highlighted the vulnerability of MF to metal exposure, thereby limiting their efficacy in Cd-contaminated soils. Moreover, silicon (Si) fertilizers have emerged as a promising solution to enhance MF effectiveness in plants under both stress and non-stress conditions. Unfortunately, the cost and limited solubility of Si fertilizers, coupled with their low absorption by most plants, present significant challenges. On the other hand, silicate-solubilizing bacteria (SSB) and MF can increase Si availability in soil and enhance Si absorption efficiency by plants, respectively. Combining the strengths of Cd-resistant MF and the SSB of hyphosphere, the region of soil surrounding extraradical MF hyphae, has the potential to be a highly effective strategy in mitigating Cd phytotoxicity and reducing Cd uptake by crops, surpassing the outcomes of Si and MF used individually. Understanding the intricate interactions between hyphosphere Cd-resistant SSB and MF is pivotal for remediating Cd-contaminated soils, thus enhancing soil fertility and bolstering the environmental and economic sustainability of plant production. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the synergy between Cd-resistant MF and Si fertilizers in combating Cd-induced phytotoxicity and plant uptake. The goal is to promote sustainable agricultural practices, while also advocating for further research into the synergistic use of effective MF and hyphosphere Cd-resistant SSB. |
