| Popis: |
In this paper, the fractional complex Ginzburg–Landau equation (CGLE) with Kerr law in nonlinear optics, which simulates soliton propagation in various waveguides in the presence of a detuning component which comes from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with the inclusion of the growth and damping terms, is examined. The Hirota bilinear method is exercised to retrieve lump solitons such as the 1-kink wave solution, 2-kink wave solution, double exponential wave solution, and homoclinic breather wave solution to the model. We also scrutinize some M-shaped solutions in the forms of M-shaped rational solutions and the M-shaped interaction with rogue and kink waves. In addition, the instability modulation and gain spectra of the CGLE are examined. The originality of the study lies in the secured outcomes, which were never before produced and effectively balance the nonlinear physical aspects. To illustrate the dynamic of these waves, some of the solutions are sketched in three-dimensional, two-dimensional, contour, and density plots. The produced results are encouraging which can be used to describe the phenomena occurring in nonlinear optical or plasma physics. The computed solutions demonstrate that the suggested approaches are skillful, categorical, consistent, and effective in identifying exact solutions to a variety of complicated nonlinear problems that have recently arisen in nonlinear optics, applied sciences, and engineering. |
