Recent Advances in Biotransformation of Saponins

Autor: Yi He, Zhuoyu Hu, Aoran Li, Zhenzhou Zhu, Ning Yang, Zixuan Ying, Jingren He, Chengtao Wang, Sheng Yin, Shuiyuan Cheng
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Molecules, Vol 24, Iss 13, p 2365 (2019)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1420-3049
24132365
DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132365
Popis: Saponins are a class of glycosides whose aglycones can be either triterpenes or helical spirostanes. It is commonly recognized that these active ingredients are widely found in various kinds of advanced plants. Rare saponins, a special type of the saponins class, are able to enhance bidirectional immune regulation and memory, and have anti-lipid oxidation, anticancer, and antifatigue capabilities, but they are infrequent in nature. Moreover, the in vivo absorption rate of saponins is exceedingly low, which restricts their functions. Under such circumstances, the biotransformation of these ingredients from normal saponins—which are not be easily adsorbed by human bodies—is preferred nowadays. This process has multiple advantages, including strong specificity, mild conditions, and fewer byproducts. In this paper, the biotransformation of natural saponins—such as ginsenoside, gypenoside, glycyrrhizin, saikosaponin, dioscin, timosaponin, astragaloside and ardipusilloside—through microorganisms (Aspergillus sp., lactic acid bacteria, bacilli, and intestinal microbes) will be reviewed and prospected.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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