Cystatin SN (CST1) as a Novel Salivary Biomarker of Periodontitis

Autor: Federica Romano, Francesco Franco, Matteo Corana, Giuliana Abbadessa, Federica Di Scipio, Barbara Pergolizzi, Chiara Castrignano, Mario Aimetti, Giovanni N. Berta
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 18, p 13834 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1422-0067
1661-6596
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813834
Popis: Identification of biomarkers could help in assessing periodontal health status and monitoring treatment outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify potential innovative salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontitis using an untargeted proteomic approach. Forty-five healthy non-smoker participants diagnosed as having periodontally healthy conditions (H), severe periodontitis (P), and healthy but reduced periodontium after active periodontal treatment (T) were consecutively enrolled (15 per each group) in the study. A higher number of spots were identified in the proteome of unstimulated whole saliva collected from H and T subjects compared with P group, mainly within the range of 8–40 kDa. Protein spots of interest were analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS, allowing the identification of cystatin SN (CST1) isoform, as confirmed by Western blot. CST1 was markedly expressed in the H group, while it was absent in most P samples (p < 0.001). Interestingly, a distinct CST1 expression was observed in saliva from T patients. CST1 was negatively correlated with the percentage of pathological sites (p < 0.001) and was effective in discriminating active periodontitis from healthy periodontal status (whether H or T). Therefore, salivary CST1 may be a promising non-invasive biomarker for periodontal disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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