5-Azacytidine: A Promoter of Epigenetic Changes in the Quest to Improve Plant Somatic Embryogenesis

Autor: Pedro Osorio-Montalvo, Luis Sáenz-Carbonell, Clelia De-la-Peña
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 19, Iss 10, p 3182 (2018)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1422-0067
19103182
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103182
Popis: Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a widely studied process due to its biotechnological potential to generate large quantities of plants in short time frames and from different sources of explants. The success of SE depends on many factors, such as the nature of the explant, the microenvironment generated by in vitro culture conditions, and the regulation of gene expression, among others. Epigenetics has recently been identified as an important factor influencing SE outcome. DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms due to its essential role in gene expression, and its participation in SE is crucial. DNA methylation levels can be modified through the use of drugs such as 5-Azacytidine (5-AzaC), an inhibitor of DNA methylation, which has been used during SE protocols. The balance between hypomethylation and hypermethylation seems to be the key to SE success. Here, we discuss the most prominent recent research on the role of 5-AzaC in the regulation of DNA methylation, highlighting its importance during the SE process. Also, the molecular implications that this inhibitor might have for the increase or decrease in the embryogenic potential of various explants are reviewed.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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