| Autor: |
Temple Grandin, Antonio Velarde, Ana Strappini, Marien Gerritzen, Marcelo Ghezzi, Julio Martínez-Burnes, Ismael Hernández-Ávalos, Adriana Domínguez-Oliva, Alejandro Casas-Alvarado, Daniel Mota-Rojas |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2023 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Animals, Vol 13, Iss 15, p 2406 (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2076-2615 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/ani13152406 |
| Popis: |
The slaughter process in livestock is considered a stressor where the transport and handling of animals, as well as the selected stunning and bleeding methods, can cause acute pain, distress, and suffering. In water buffaloes, although stunning is known to be performed before bleeding to induce unconsciousness, no emphasis is made on the nociceptive events during this process. Particularly, current mechanical stunning methods applied to cattle are unsuitable for water buffaloes due to anatomical differences in the skull from other large ruminants. Furthermore, although very high-pressure pneumatic (200–220 psi) may be effective in the frontal position for lighter-weight water buffalos, for heavier animals, it is less likely to be effective. The present review aims: (1) to analyze the anatomical particularities of water buffaloes to discuss the importance of selecting a stunning method suitable for buffaloes, and (2) to revise the potential pain-related consequences, such as hyperalgesia and sensitization, and the signs to assess the stun quality and death to comprehend the relevance of a proper technique according to the species. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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