Enantioselective Monitoring of Biodegradation of Ketamine and Its Metabolite Norketamine by Liquid Chromatography

Autor: Ariana Pérez-Pereira, Alexandra Maia, Virgínia Gonçalves, Cláudia Ribeiro, Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Chemosensors, Vol 9, Iss 9, p 242 (2021)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2227-9040
DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9090242
Popis: Ketamine (K) and its main metabolite, norketamine (NK), are chiral compounds that have been found in effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and aquatic environments. Little is known about their enantioselective biodegradation during sewage treatment; however, this information is pivotal for risk assessment, the evaluation of WWTP performance and wastewater epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation pattern of the enantiomers of K by activated sludge (AS) from a WWTP. For that, an enantioselective liquid chromatography with diode array detection (LC-DAD) method was developed and validated to quantify the enantiomers of K and NK. Both K and NK enantiomers were separated, in the same chromatographic run, using a Lux® 3 µm cellulose-4 analytical column under isocratic elution mode. The method was demonstrated to be linear (r2 > 0.99) and precise (
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