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IntroductionAnesthesia plays a critical role in modern surgical procedures by ensuring patient pain management and safety. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of surgical patients and their families toward anesthesia.MethodsThis prospective, cross-sectional study included patients and their families in Wenzhou, China. Data collection and the measurement of knowledge and attitude scores were administered using a self-administered questionnaire.Results503 participants (69.98% patients, 30.02% families) were included. The mean knowledge and attitude scores were 7.93 ± 6.11 (possible range: 0–26), and 32.64 ± 2.59 (possible range: 8–40), respectively, indicating an inadequate knowledge and positive attitude. Moreover, a multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age [odd ratio (OR) = 0.394, p = 0.018], residence (OR = 0.424, p = 0.002), household income per month (OR = 0.297 ~ 0.380, p |