Inositol and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review on Deficiencies and Supplementation

Autor: Arianna Pani, Riccardo Giossi, Danilo Menichelli, Veronica Andrea Fittipaldo, Francesca Agnelli, Elvira Inglese, Alessandra Romandini, Rossana Roncato, Basilio Pintaudi, Francesco Del Sole, Francesco Scaglione
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 3379 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 12113379
2072-6643
DOI: 10.3390/nu12113379
Popis: Liver lipid accumulation is a hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), broadly associated with insulin resistance. Inositols (INS) are ubiquitous polyols implied in many physiological functions. They are produced endogenously, are present in many foods and in dietary supplements. Alterations in INS metabolism seems to play a role in diseases involving insulin resistance such as diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. Given its role in other metabolic syndromes, the hypothesis of an INS role as a supplement in NAFLD is intriguing. We performed a systematic review of the literature to find preclinical and clinical evidence of INS supplementation efficacy in NAFLD patients. We retrieved 10 studies on animal models assessing Myoinosiol or Pinitol deficiency or supplementation and one human randomized controlled trial (RCT). Overall, INS deficiency was associated with increased fatty liver in animals. Conversely, INS supplementation in animal models of fatty liver reduced hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol accumulation and maintained a normal ultrastructural liver histopathology. In the one included RCT, Pinitol supplementation obtained similar results. Pinitol significantly reduced liver fat, post-prandial triglycerides, AST levels, lipid peroxidation increasing glutathione peroxidase activity. These results, despite being limited, indicate the need for further evaluation of INS in NAFLD in larger clinical trials.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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