Practices and Rules of 16th Century Genoese Gilding: Exploring Gold Leaf Thickness and Caratage through X-ray and Ion Beam Techniques

Autor: Letizia Ciarlo, Massimo Chiari, Maria Clelia Galassi, Maurizio Ferretti, Elias Sideras-Haddad, Alessandro Zucchiatti, Elena Castagnotto
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Heritage, Vol 7, Iss 7, Pp 3630-3642 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2571-9408
DOI: 10.3390/heritage7070172
Popis: This study investigates the practices and rules of Genoese gilding, drawing insights from a 16th-century manuscript containing regulations for gold leaf production. Employing X-ray and ion beam techniques, we quantitatively assess the manuscript’s gold leaf thickness without destructive sampling. Artisanal goldbeater-produced leaves of different thicknesses, applied with a guazzo or mordant technique, served as standards. Further analysis of samples with unknown thickness from the furniture of Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria in Genoa (Italy) has confirmed the method’s applicability to practical cases. External beam Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analyses were carried out using 3 MeV protons at the LABEC accelerator laboratory in Florence. A linear relationship between Gold Lα peak yield and leaf thickness, as measured by RBS, has been established for optimal calibration of portable or hand-held X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) instrumentation for in situ measurements. Moreover, the caratage of the gold foil preserved in the manuscript has been assessed.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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