Evaluation of Lung Volume and Effect of Vital Staining as Motivation to Quit Tobacco among Nicotine Dependents of Kanpur, India
| Autor: | Amit Kumar, Ramesh Nagarajappa, Gayathri Ramesh, Vishal Chandra, Ravish Ahuja, Anurag Azad |
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| Jazyk: | English<br />Portuguese |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada, Vol 22 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 1519-0501 1983-4632 |
| Popis: | Objective: To quantify and compare respiratory functions and further screen the oral mucosa of tobacco and non-tobacco users. Material and Methods: First control group, non-tobacco users (n=55); Second group, smokers’ group (n=168) who currently smoked cigarettes; Third group smokeless/chewing type, tobacco group (n=81); Fourth group, both smokeless and smoking type tobacco users (n=46). Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependences (FTND) and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST) instruments were used to assess nicotine dependence. Subsequently, spirometry and Toluidine Blue (TB) vital staining were performed. Chi-squared and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis. Results: Fagerstrom test resulted in 48.8% of subjects with low dependency, followed by an increase in nicotine dependency from low to moderate (29.2%), moderate (15.6%), and highly dependent (6.4%) groups. All respiratory function tests and oral screening confirmed significant changes amongst tobacco and non-tobacco users. The forced vital capacity of non-smoker group was significantly different from other tobacco users’ group (p |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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