Low Outcrossing from an Apple Field Trial Protected with Nets

Autor: Ina Schlathölter, Anna Dalbosco, Michael Meissle, Andrea Knauf, Alex Dallemulle, Beat Keller, Jörg Romeis, Giovanni A. L. Broggini, Andrea Patocchi
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Agronomy, Vol 11, Iss 9, p 1754 (2021)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 11091754
2073-4395
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11091754
Popis: Regulatory compliance of experimental releases into the environment of not yet approved genetically modified plants often requires implementation of measures to reduce the dispersal of reproductive material. To study the impact of nets on pollen flow in an experimental field site in Switzerland, non-GM apple varieties ‘Ladina’ and ’Nicogreen’ were planted inside and outside a netted plot, respectively. Seeds harvested from mature fruits were germinated and the paternal variety of the seedlings was determined using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers. We demonstrate that pollination frequency from trees inside the netted plot to trees outside over a two-year (2018 and 2019) study of 4500 seedlings is 0.6% (26 seedlings). Moreover, these outcrossing events decreased with increasing distance from the pollen donor. Over the study period, we found on average 0.9%, 0.5%, 0.4% and 0.09% of the seedlings derived from apples of ‘Nicogreen’ trees at 8 m, 15 m, 72 m and 117 m being generated by fertilisations of ‘Ladina’ pollen, respectively. In comparison, 48.3% (2018 season) and 75.1% (2019 season) of examined ‘Ladina’ seedlings in the netted plot originated from ‘Nicogreen’ tree pollen outside the netted plot. The results suggest that insect netting is effective in minimizing egress of apple pollen from an experimental site and that the likelihood of outcrossing is reduced further (
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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