Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metals in Groundwater and Streams at Essene, Ikot Abasi Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
| Autor: | O. Ndodo, G. I. Ekpo, O. E. Eteng, E. U. Ettetor |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2024 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, Vol 28, Iss 12 (2024) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2659-1502 2659-1499 |
| Popis: | The objective of this paper is to evaluate some physicochemical properties and Heavy Metals in groundwater and streams at Essene, Ikot Abasi Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. The physicochemical analysis showed that the average chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen levels in groundwater were 1.48±0.39 mg/l, 1.364±0.21 mg/l, and 4.26±0.22 mg/l, respectively. For streams, these values were 1.12±0.44 mg/l, 1.46±0.36 mg/l, and 6.04±0.43 mg/l, respectively. Although these parameters were within WHO recommended limits, though they did not meet the WHO standards for drinking water. The heavy metal analysis revealed higher concentrations in stream water (Fe: 0.721 mg/l; Cu: 0.42 mg/l; Pb: 0.0146 mg/l; Cd: 0.22 mg/l) compared to groundwater (Fe: 0.451 mg/l; Cu: 0.12 mg/l; Pb: 0.004 mg/l; Cd: 0.155 mg/l). Iron (Fe) levels exceeded WHO limits in both groundwater and stream water. However, a paired sample t-test indicated no significant difference (P |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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