Booster vaccination is required to elicit and maintain COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity in SIV-infected macaques
| Autor: | Pingchao Li, Qian Wang, Yizi He, Chenchen Yang, Zhengyuan Zhang, Zijian Liu, Bo Liu, Li Yin, Yilan Cui, Peiyu Hu, Yichu Liu, Pingqian Zheng, Wei Wang, Linbing Qu, Caijun Sun, Suhua Guan, Liqiang Feng, Ling Chen |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Emerging Microbes and Infections, Vol 12, Iss 1 (2023) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 22221751 2222-1751 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/22221751.2022.2136538 |
| Popis: | ABSTRACTProlonged infection and possible evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in patients living with uncontrolled HIV-1 infection highlight the importance of an effective vaccination regimen, yet the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines and predictive immune biomarkers have not been well investigated. Herein, we report that the magnitude and persistence of antibody and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) elicited by an Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine are impaired in SIV-infected macaques with high viral loads (> 105 genome copies per ml plasma, SIVhi) but not in macaques with low viral loads (< 105, SIVlow). After a second vaccination, the immune responses are robustly enhanced in all uninfected and SIVlow macaques. These responses also show a moderate increase in 70% SIVhi macaques but decline sharply soon after. Further analysis reveals that decreased antibody and CMI responses are associated with reduced circulating follicular helper T cell (TFH) counts and aberrant CD4/CD8 ratios, respectively, indicating that dysregulation of CD4+ T cells by SIV infection impairs the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity. Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine shows no impact on SIV loads or SIV-specific CMI responses. Our study underscores the necessity of frequent booster vaccinations in HIV-infected patients and provides indicative biomarkers for predicting vaccination effectiveness in these patients. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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