Extraosseous Plasmacytomas: A Radiologist’s Perspective—A Narrative Review of the Literature

Autor: Konstantinos Stefanidis, Gibran Yusuf, Francesk Mulita, Christos Tsalikidis, Athanasia Mitsala, Elissavet Konstantelou, Maria Kotsopoulou, Efstratios Koletsis, Michail Pitiakoudis, Platon Dimopoulos
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Diagnostics, Vol 14, Iss 16, p 1788 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 14161788
2075-4418
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161788
Popis: Extraosseous plasmacytomas (EPs) are rare neoplasms originating from plasma cells, often associated with multiple myeloma. EPs are classified into three subtypes: extramedullary myeloma, solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP), and multiple solitary plasmacytomas. They can manifest in various anatomical sites, including the lung, mediastinum, breast, liver, pancreas, stomach, mesentery, kidney, small and large bowel, testis, and soft tissue. Despite their rarity, EPs present a diagnostic challenge due to their non-specific imaging appearances, which can mimic other neoplastic and inflammatory conditions. This review aims to describe the radiographic features of EPs in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis based on a thorough analysis of the existing literature. While imaging plays a crucial role in the detection and characterization of EPs, histological confirmation is necessary to differentiate them from other neoplastic entities. The review underscores the importance of considering EPs in the differential diagnosis, particularly in patients with a history of multiple myeloma. Understanding the imaging characteristics of EPs is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Early imaging is crucial in these patients to exclude the possibility of EP, as timely diagnosis can significantly impact patient outcomes.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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