Clinical and electromyographic evaluation of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of gummy smile: A prospective clinical study
| Autor: | Payal Padmakar Mate, Kumar Nilesh, Anand Joshi, Arun Panda |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects, Vol 15, Iss 2, Pp 122-128 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2008-210X 2008-2118 |
| Popis: | Background. The present study aimed to assess the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for the management of gummy smile and evaluate its stability after administrating BTX-A clinically and using electromyography. Methods. The investigators designed and implemented a prospective clinical study on 10 patients with a gummy smile. Patients with different types of gummy smile were injected with BTX-A in the levator muscles of the upper lip and were followed for six months. The effect of BTX-A was evaluated clinically and using electromyography preoperatively and after two weeks and three and six months. Statistical analyses were carried out using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni tests for pairwise comparisons. Results. The sample consisted of 10 patients with an anterior gummy smile (n=3), posterior gummy smile (n=2), mixed gummy smile (n=3), and asymmetrical gummy smile (n=2). There were significant differences (P |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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