Heterogeneity of treatment effect of interferon-β1b and lopinavir–ritonavir in patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome by cytokine levels

Autor: Yaseen M. Arabi, Ayed Y. Asiri, Abdullah M. Assiri, Mashan L. Abdullah, Haya A. Aljami, Hanan H. Balkhy, Majed Al Jeraisy, Yasser Mandourah, Sameera AlJohani, Shmeylan Al Harbi, Hani A. Aziz Jokhdar, Ahmad M. Deeb, Ziad A. Memish, Jesna Jose, Sameeh Ghazal, Sarah Al Faraj, Ghaleb A. Al Mekhlafi, Nisreen Murad Sherbeeni, Fatehi Elnour Elzein, Frederick G. Hayden, Robert A. Fowler, Badriah M. AlMutairi, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood, Naif Khalaf Alharbi
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2045-2322
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22742-8
Popis: Abstract Animal and human data indicate variable effects of interferons in treating coronavirus infections according to inflammatory status and timing of therapy. In this sub-study of the MIRACLE trial (MERS-CoV Infection Treated with a Combination of Lopinavir–Ritonavir and Interferon β-1b), we evaluated the heterogeneity of treatment effect of interferon-β1b and lopinavir–ritonavir versus placebo among hospitalized patients with MERS on 90-day mortality, according to cytokine levels and timing of therapy. We measured plasma levels of 17 cytokines at enrollment and tested the treatment effect on 90-day mortality according to cytokine levels (higher versus lower levels using the upper tertile (67%) as a cutoff point) and time to treatment (≤ 7 days versus > 7 days of symptom onset) using interaction tests. Among 70 included patients, 32 received interferon-β1b and lopinavir–ritonavir and 38 received placebo. Interferon-β1b and lopinavir–ritonavir reduced mortality in patients with lower IL-2, IL-8 and IL-13 plasma concentrations but not in patients with higher levels (p-value for interaction = 0.09, 0.07, and 0.05, respectively) and with early but not late therapy (p = 0.002). There was no statistically significant heterogeneity of treatment effect according to other cytokine levels. Further work is needed to evaluate whether the assessment of inflammatory status can help in identifying patients with MERS who may benefit from interferon-β1b and lopinavir–ritonavir. Trial registration: This is a sub-study of the MIRACLE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02845843).
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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