Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Overview

Autor: Diederick J. van Doorn, Robert Bart Takkenberg, Heinz-Josef Klümpen
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 1, p 3 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 14010003
1424-8247
DOI: 10.3390/ph14010003
Popis: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) face a common type of cancer, which is amongst the most deadly types of cancer worldwide. The therapeutic options range from curative resection or ablation to loco regional therapies in palliative setting and last but not least, systemic treatment. The latter group underwent major changes in the last decade and a half. Since the introduction of sorafenib in 2007, many other systemic treatments have been investigated. Most without success. It took more than ten years before lenvatinib could be added as alternative first-line treatment option. Just recently a new form of systemic treatment, immunotherapy, entered the field of therapeutic options in patients with HCC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are becoming the new standard of care in patients with HCC. Several reviews reported on the latest phase 1/2 studies and discussed the higher response rates and better tolerability when compared to current standard of care therapies. This review will focus on elaborating the working mechanism of these checkpoint inhibitors, give an elaborate update of the therapeutic agents that are currently available or under research, and will give an overview of the latest trials, as well as ongoing and upcoming trials.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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