The Role of Microvascular Variations in the Process of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration and Its Regulatory Mechanisms: A Literature Review

Autor: Si‐Ping Zhang, Min Tong, Shi‐Da Li, Bin Zhang, Wenhao Zhang, Rong Wang, Zhen‐Yu Dong, Yi‐Fei Huang
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Orthopaedic Surgery, Vol 16, Iss 11, Pp 2587-2597 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1757-7861
1757-7853
DOI: 10.1111/os.14209
Popis: Microvascular changes are considered key factors in the process of intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD). Microvascular invasion and growth into the nucleus pulposus (NP) and cartilaginous endplates are unfavorable factors that trigger IDD. In contrast, the rich distribution of microvessels in the bony endplates and outer layers of the annulus fibrosus is an important safeguard for the nutrient supply and metabolism of the intervertebral disk (IVD). In particular, the adequate supply of microvessels in the bony endplates is the main source of the nutritional supply for the entire IVD. Microvessels can affect the progression of IDD through a variety of pathways. Many studies have explored the effects of microvessel alterations in the NP, annulus fibrosus, cartilaginous endplates, and bony endplates on the local microenvironment through inflammation, apoptosis, and senescence. Studies also elucidated the important roles of microvessel alterations in the process of IDD, as well as conducted in‐depth explorations of cytokines and biologics that can inhibit or promote the ingrowth of microvessels. Therefore, the present manuscript reviews the published literature on the effects of microvascular changes on IVD to summarize the roles of microvessels in IVD and elaborate on the mechanisms of action that promote or inhibit de novo microvessel formation in IVD.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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